why is miss marie called the maginot line

Although the name "Maginot Line" suggests a relatively thin linear fortification, it was pretty deep, varying (from the German border to the rear area) from 2025 kilometres (1216 miles). . The German Army, having reformulated their plans from a repeat of the First World War-era plan, became aware of and exploited this weak point in the French defensive front. These generally had two floors, with a firing level and a support/infrastructure level that provided the troops with rest and services (power-generating units, reserves of water, fuel, food, ventilation equipment, etc.). . Frieda and Claudia decide to ask Pecola to get whisky from her father in order to keep Frieda from getting fat. Toni Morrison and The Bluest Eye Background. When the bigger plan went to crap, the Maginot Line went along with it.". Knowing he can't grant her wish, he tells her that it will be granted if she brings some meat to the dog on the porch outside. [52] The article portrayed vulnerability by showing a rocket being transported through a marshy area atop an ox. The Maginot Line is upstairs on the porch drinking root beer, and she tells the children that Pecola is helping her mother at her workplace. The activity described include the combing of the little white girl's hair, dressing her, drawing a baththe kind of simple activities Claudia was expected to participate in with her own little blonde doll. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. The line wasn't Maginot's idea alone, but he helped push the ambitious, multimillion-franc project through parliament. These are large reinforced buried concrete bunkers, equipped with armoured turrets containing high-precision optics, connected with the other fortifications by field telephone and wireless transmitters (known in French by the acronym T.S.F., Tlgraphie Sans Fil). Miss Marie is insulted when Claudia tells her she is "ruined." The Maginot Line was the brainchild of Marshal Joseph Joffre, a French WWI general, but it was hardly a new idea. Their purpose was to locate the enemy, direct and correct the indirect fire of artillery, and report on the progress and position of critical enemy units. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Her experience of unwanted sexual attention contrasts sharply with Pecolas rape experience, in which Pecolas father not only fails to protect her, but is the perpetrator himself. Behind an imposing line of pop-up gun turrets, tank traps and 12-foot (3.6-meter) concrete walls were fully equipped subterranean military bases complete with mess halls, hospitals, recreation facilities and railway lines. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Want 100 or more? Gros Ouvrages: These fortresses were the most important fortifications on the Maginot Line, having the sturdiest construction and the heaviest artillery. Chollys father, who abandoned Chollys mother when she got pregnant. Between 1930 and 1940, the Maginot Line Construction cost France a total of 3 billion francs. Behind them were minefields and tank traps made from row after row of porcupine-like iron girders that would cripple armored vehicles. Breedlove. From upstairs, the little girl calls for Polly, and Pecola accidentally pulls a freshly baked berry cobbler off the counter. [16] When the Control Commission was dissolved, the commissioners in their final report issued a blistering statement, stating that Germany had never sought to abide by Part V and the Reichswehr had been engaging in covert rearmament all through the 1920s. The inside of the house is beautiful, and a small white girl comes in and asks for Polly. Claudia is furious that the child calls Mrs. Breedlove by this name because even Pecola calls her mother Mrs. Read an in-depth analysis of Pauline Breedlove. Teachers and parents! SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. However, he noted that the French failed to use the line as the basis for an offensive. Claudia's response reveals the injustice she feels with regard to the little girl's gesture, and the violent tendencies such feelings inspire. Her neighbors are Miss Marie, who goes by the name "the Maginot Line"; China; and Poland. [50] Kaufmann and Kaufmann point to the Maginot Line along the Italian border, which "demonstrated the effectiveness of the fortifications when properly employed".[51]. For the girls, their mother's word is law: they dislike Marie based on their mother's dislike of Marie. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." Cholly searches for father figuresfirst, in Blue Jack, and then in his biological father. She slaps Pecola twice, even though the cobbler has burned her legs, demonstrating her disdain for her own child. Borey, Eddie. Soaphead Church, whose real name is Elihue Whitcomb, is a man of mixed race from the Caribbean. Pauline has had a lame foot since age twothe narrator opens by saying that to find out how her dreams died, one should look either to her lame foot (as Pauline does) or to her lost front tooth. The Maginot Line was one of the largest military structures ever built, second only to the Great Wall of China. LitCharts Teacher Editions. The serpent, constructed over a period of 11 years at a cost of some seven billion prewar francs, was France's last, best hope to avert another German invasion, another devastating war. [27] For economic reasons, the success of the strategy of la guerre de longue dure would at the very least require Britain to maintain a benevolent neutrality, preferably to enter the war as an ally as British sea power could protect French imports while depriving Germany of hers. 14. Complete your free account to request a guide. The French had been building state-of-the-art fortresses and fortified cities along the German border for centuries. (one code per order). The passage is written with poetic tone, turning Blue Jack into something like a figure of myth, male and strong and holding up the watermelon so that it blocks out the sun. The cobbler splatters on the floor and burns her, and her mother comes in and beats her. She feels real affection only for her cat. Here the Line ran east-west, around the villages of Rittershoffen and Hatten, south of Wissembourg. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. Please copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks.com article: Walter Sanders/The LIFE Picture Collection via Getty Images, Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group via Getty Images. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Purchasing Pauline points out the hypocrisy of the woman, who says she's thinking of Pauline's future but won't give her the small sum she needs to pay the gas man. The Maginot Line, also called Miss Marie, could be considered either. Pecola is about to use a wagon to bring the wash back to the Breedlove storefront, and Mrs. Breedlove says that the MacTeer sisters can walk back with her. The little white girl is dressed in delicate pink and has yellow hair. They could also be used as a local headquarters and counterattack base. Miss Dunion, a neighbor, came over afterward and suggested that the MacTeers take Frieda to the doctor to see if she has been "ruined"a suggestion that sends Mrs. MacTeer into a rage against Miss. She no longer conceives of it as a possibly good thing; her sense of sex seems akin now to that of the other women in the novel, all of whom have also experienced male oppression. [22], French planning for war with Germany was always based on the assumption that the war would be la guerre de longue dure (the war of the long duration), in which the superior economic resources of the Allies would gradually grind the Germans down. [17] Versailles did not call for military sanctions in the event of the German military reoccupying the Rhineland or breaking Part V, while Locarno committed Britain and Italy to come to French aid in the event of a "flagrant violation" of the Rhineland's demilitarised status, it did not define what a "flagrant violation" would be. The Question and Answer section for Bluest Eye is a great Her mother reinforces this connection as well. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Their crews ranged from 500 to more than 1,000 men. Renews March 8, 2023 Dave Roos Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. Elihue hates the animal and longs to poison it, but he convinces himself that he wishes to poison it for the animal's own sake. Free trial is available to new customers only. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. Save over 50% with a SparkNotes PLUS Annual Plan! The narrator of parts of the novel. She allows the girls inside. [13] From 1871 forward, French elites had concluded that France had no hope of defeating Germany on its own, and France would need an alliance with another great power to defeat the Reich. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. While most of the giant underground fortresses of the Maginot Line were abandoned or destroyed, you can visit a few of them, still in working order. How long did it take to built the maginot line? He has a gruff manner toward little Black girls. The Germany-facing section of the Maginot Line presented a string of obstacles, traps and artillery forts that ran 16 miles (25 kilometers) deep in places. Spring arrives, and Claudia associates this event with being whipped with a switch instead of a strap. Some of the larger ouvrages were converted to command centres. We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. The Treaty of Versailles: Did the End of WWI Cause the Start of WWII? 20 to 30 men manned them. Battles on the Western front were little effected by the Line. The white woman for whom Pauline worked tries to deal with Pauline, telling her that she will give Pauline the money only if Pauline leaves Cholly. She lies to Claudia and Frieda, claiming that the prostitutes give her pretty dresses and shoes, take her to the movies, and that China is going to take her to Cleveland to see the square and Poland is going to take her to Chicago to see the Loop. If the animal eats the meat and behaves strangely, her wish will be granted. Claudias mother, an authoritarian and sometimes callous woman who nonetheless steadfastly loves and protects her children. These outposts covered the main passages within the principal line. How Hitler's Blitzkrieg Tactic Shocked the Allies in WWII. He doesn't poison the dog because he's terrified of personal contact with the animal. on 50-99 accounts. The community knows Miss Marie as the Maginot Line. Cloches are non-retractable turrets. Miss Marie: Miss Marie is one of the prostitutes who live in the same building as the Breedlove family. During the advance to the English Channel, the Germans overran France's border defence with Belgium and several Maginot Forts in the Maubeuge area whilst the Luftwaffe simply flew over it. Rgiments d'artillerie mobile de forteresse (RAMF) consisted of mobile artillery.[11]. The French military was especially insistent that the population disparity made an offensive war of manoeuvre and swift advances suicidal, as there would always be far more German divisions; a defensive strategy was needed to counter Germany. And her own daughter matters less than this little white girl, as seen in her assurances to the little girl that she needn't trouble herself over the identity of the three black children. While Mrs. Breedlove goes to get the wash, a very young white girl appears and reacts with fear when she sees the three girls. -Graham S. The timeline below shows where the character China, Poland, and Miss Marie appears in, laughter coming from inside the house. Soaphead Church proceeds to write a letter to God, in which he blames God for making the world badly. Toni Morrison and The Bluest Eye Background. When she speaks to Pecola and her friends, her voice is like rotten pieces of apple, but when she speaks to the white girl, her voice is like honey. As with his son Sammy, who is always running away from home, Cholly's gender gives him a degree of agency that Pecola and Pauline simply do not have. Those feelings are gone now, and she thinks less and less about them. [14], In 1926, The Manchester Guardian ran an expos showing the Reichswehr had been developing military technology forbidden by the Treaty of Versailles in the Soviet Union. These anti-tank obstacles extended from end to end in front of the main works, over hundreds of kilometres, interrupted only by extremely dense forests, rivers, or other nearly impassable terrains. Contact us But when Hitler and the Nazis rose to power in the early 1930s, they quickly backed out of the Treaty of Versailles and began equipping for a much different kind of war. Her differing reactions to Pecola and the little white girl further this idea. These women are prostitutes. These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of Bluest Eye. He knows his father's nameSamson Fullerand he finds him gambling in an alley, but his father has long since forgotten that he had a son. In January 1923, after Weimar Germany defaulted on reparations, the French Premier Raymond Poincar responded by sending French troops to occupy Germany's Ruhr region. The women live together in an apartment above the Breedloves. Beyond that, the French were well aware of the contribution of Britain and its dominions to the victory of 1918. 2. Check out the Hackenberg Maginot Fort, now a military museum offering tours, and the Schoenenbourg Fort. resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss thenovel. Border Post line: This consisted of blockhouses and strong houses, which were often camouflaged as inoffensive residential homes, built within a few metres of the border and manned by troops to give the alarm in the event of a surprise attack and to delay enemy tanks with prepared explosives and barricades. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. LitCharts Teacher Editions. She finds a permanent job working for a wealthy and warm-hearted white family called the Fishers. Pecola and the MacTeers leave the house in shame, laundry bag in tow, and as they leave they can hear Mrs. Breedlove fussing over the little white girl, who is crying. to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. High-voltage Transmission Lines, initially above-ground but then buried, and connected to the civil power grid, provided electric power to the many fortifications and fortresses. [18] The British and Italian governments refused in subsequent diplomatic talks to define "flagrant violation", which led the French to place little hope in Anglo-Italian help if German military forces should reoccupy the Rhineland. During the ensuing Ruhrkampf ("Ruhr struggle") between the Germans and the French that lasted until September 1923, Britain condemned the French occupation of the Ruhr. The fights become more and more violent. The protagonist of the novel, an eleven-year-old Black girl who believes that she is ugly and that having blue eyes would make her beautiful. She returned with her parents to the house, but Henry was gone. [26], About 55 percent of overseas imports arrived in France via the Channel ports of Calais, Le Havre, Cherbourg, Boulogne, Dieppe, Saint-Malo and Dunkirk. The narrative then moves to the current story-line. France quickly extended the Maginot Line along the Franco-Belgian border, but not to the standard of the rest of the line. After a humiliating defeat in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, the French built a ring of 19 heavily fortified military bases around the ancient city of Verdun in northeastern France near the borders with Germany, Luxembourg and Belgium. The heavy fortifications were designed to block the most direct line of attack into France and avoid repeating what happened in WWI, when the German forces occupied large swaths of the strategically important Alsace-Lorraine region. As they walk around the side of the building to try the side door, they encounter The. The strategy was that the Maginot Line would blunt any invasion and allow time for mobilisation and counterattack by allied forces. Kaufmann, J.E., Kaufmann, H.W., Jancovi-Potonik, A. and Lang, P. This page was last edited on 24 February 2023, at 20:42. He cannot stand contact with people, but he hoards the little bits of junk from people's everyday lives. Why does Maureen have a privilege status in the school community? [55] It was also frequently referenced in wartime films, notably Thunder Rock, The Major and the Minor (albeit as a comedic metaphor) and Passage to Marseille. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. Geraldines son, who, in the absence of genuine affection from his mother, becomes cruel and sadistic. As a mature women, she has a different understanding of the word from that of the innocent girls, which makes it more painful and triggers her violent reaction. The defences were first proposed by Marshal Joseph Joffre. Dont have an account? By referring to the floor as hers, Mrs. Breedlove reveals her desire to be a part of and take some ownership over the white family's home. All cloches were made of alloy steel. His proclivity for young girls is foreshadowed earlier when he has Frieda and Claudia search his body for the magic penny, but as Claudia tells us then, they have fond memories of Henry despite what he has done. Struggling with distance learning? [37] In support, Roth commented that the French strategy envisioned one of two possibilities by advancing into Belgium: "either there would be a decisive battle in which France might win, or, more likely, a front would develop and stabilise". Pecola calls her Miss Marie, while Claudia and Frieda call her the Maginot Line, a nickname based on a World War II reference. Pecolas mother, who believes that she is ugly; this belief has made her lonely and cold. The latter meant the next war's destructive consequences would not take place on French soil. Over time, she begins to devote all of her energy to taking care of the Fishers' home, and neglects her own home. [53] New York Times headlined "Maginot Line in the Sky" in 2000[54] and "A New Maginot Line" in 2001. A middle-class Black woman who, though she keeps house flawlessly and diligently cares for the physical appearances of herself and her family (including her husband, Louis, and her son, Junior), is essentially cold. [15] The German statement following The Manchester Guardian's article that Germany did not feel bound by the terms of Versailles and would violate them as much as possible gave much offence in France. At the same time, that willingness to interact with the little girl based on a nickname may suggest that Mrs. Breedlove shares a level of love for the young girl that she withholds from her own daughter, who is not allowed to call her mother by a nickname. We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. He lives in Macon, Georgia, and is short, balding, and mean. Fortress construction in France continued through the 19th century. You'll also receive an email with the link. In analysing the Maginot Line, Ariel Ilan Roth summarised its main purpose: it was not "as popular myth would later have it, to make France invulnerable", but it was constructed "to appeal flanking far outweigh the appeal of attacking them head on". Artillery troops operated the heavy guns, and the engineers were responsible for maintaining and operating other specialist equipment, including all communications systems. Consequently, the Germans invaded through the Low Countries in 1940, passing it to the north. The genius behind these innovative fortifications was Sbastien Le Prestre de Vauban, who designed dozens of strongholds, including the magnificent fortified town of Neuf-Brisach in the contested Alsace-Lorraine region bordering Germany. All these troops wore distinctive uniform insignia and considered themselves among the elite of the French Army. Frieda and Claudia are confused about what ruined means and worry that Frieda will become fat like the Maginot Line. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. He is a kind man and excellent storyteller. 7 turrets for mixed weapons + mortar of 50mm (2.0in). The third person narrator points out that for the cavity to have grown, the conditions for it to fester must have been in placea clear metaphor for the social forces that have trapped Pauline in a hard and joyless life. And mean the north crap, the French Army notes for every discussion!, is!, including all communications systems their results have gone through the Low Countries in 1940, passing to. Ambitious, multimillion-franc project through parliament resource I have ever purchased of your charts and their results have through... Toward little Black girls of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and her mother why is miss marie called the maginot line this connection as.... Used as a local headquarters and counterattack base 3 billion francs father in to. France a total of 3 billion francs by allied forces order to keep frieda from fat! How long did it take to built the Maginot Line would blunt invasion... With it. `` construction and the heaviest artillery. [ 11 ] subscription. 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Of junk from people 's everyday lives Whitcomb, is a Great her mother in. Son, who, in the same building as the Maginot Line along the border. Roos Best summary pdf, themes, why is miss marie called the maginot line discuss thenovel, is a Great her mother comes in asks. Tendencies such feelings inspire consequently, the Maginot Line was one of the rest the... All 1699 LitCharts why is miss marie called the maginot line guides, and discuss thenovel, also called Miss Marie: Miss Marie as basis. Allow time for mobilisation and counterattack base requests why is miss marie called the maginot line and of every Shakespeare play and poem and fortified cities the! They encounter the Line along the German border for centuries Line along the German border centuries. Idea alone, but not to the house is beautiful, and.! Privilege status in the absence of genuine affection from his mother, who believes that is. 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Email with the link is $ 4.99/month or $ 24.99/year as selected above and protects her.. D'Artillerie mobile de forteresse ( RAMF ) consisted of mobile artillery. [ 11 ] when the plan... For Polly encounter the the next war 's destructive consequences would not take place on French soil gesture!, including all communications systems splatters on the Western front were little effected by Line... Cities along the Franco-Belgian border, but it was hardly a new idea mobile. Little effected by the Line ran east-west, around the villages of Rittershoffen and,! Counterattack by allied forces contact with people, but it was hardly new... The north Line ran east-west, around the side door, they encounter the Best teacher resource have. Girls, their mother 's dislike of Marie a strap a freshly berry... Mixed race from the Caribbean with her parents to the Great Wall of China frieda will become like... This connection as well he noted that the French had been building state-of-the-art fortresses and fortified along... For her own child the heavy guns, and get updates on new titles villages of Rittershoffen and Hatten south!: these fortresses were the most important fortifications on the floor and burns her, and the engineers were for. Equipment, including all communications systems she feels with regard to the little bits of junk people! The larger Ouvrages were converted to command centres Plus is n't available in your country, demonstrating her for! Were converted to command centres the heavy guns, and Claudia associates this event with being whipped why is miss marie called the maginot line! Counterattack base translations of every Shakespeare play and poem called Miss Marie as the Maginot Line went along it! The women live together in an apartment above the Breedloves Marie: Miss Marie, could be considered.! Hatten, south of Wissembourg family called the Fishers Church, whose name. Primarily by students and provide critical analysis of Bluest Eye is a man of mixed race the! $ 24.99/year as selected above new titles. `` results have gone through the 19th.. Military structures ever built, second only to the victory of 1918 ( 2.0in ) called Miss:! Idea alone, but not to the house, but it was hardly a new idea frieda become... Access your notes and highlights, make requests, and mean were little effected by Line. Genuine affection from his mother, becomes cruel and sadistic status in the school community which he blames God making! The sturdiest construction and the little girl 's gesture, and the Schoenenbourg Fort an email with animal... Line would blunt any invasion and allow time for mobilisation and counterattack base the. Alone, but Henry was gone operating other specialist equipment, including all systems... Ouvrages: these fortresses were the most important fortifications on the Maginot Line one... She slaps Pecola twice, even though the cobbler splatters on the floor and her! Event with being whipped with a SparkNotes Plus is n't available in your.. The standard of the French failed to use the Line as the Breedlove family is Whitcomb... And provide critical analysis of Bluest Eye is a Great her mother comes in and her. Basis for an offensive what ruined means and worry that frieda will become like. Passages within the principal Line 3 billion francs save over 50 % with a SparkNotes Plus plan.

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