why did pope gregory think that cats were evil?

As I learned at the Profs and Pints event, cats persist as a marker of femininity in the media and our language of pop culture. While rat-kind cant directly carry the disease, they carry the fleas that contain the bacteria Y. Pestis. WHY DONT U WRITE A SONG ABOUT THE PLAGUE THAT RAVAGED THE POPULATION OF HUMANS INSTEAD, BECAUSE THEY GOT WHAT WAS COMING TO THEM ALL. The bull does not, however, dictate that Catholics across Europe kill all cats to stop Satan. It was also a time when, people many believe, Pope Gregory IX hated on cats. Here are our sources? I AGREE. Im on the fence about getting an electronic cat that responds to touch (i.e., purring, meowing and flicking its robotic tail) but I can see why Egyptians of antiquity fell in love with cats. No cats appear the police cruisers, but I can almost imagine a cat sitting alongside the witches on their broomsticks. This persecution was so savage that some scholars believe that by the 1300s, Europes cat numbers were sufficiently depleted to prevent them efficiently killing rats and mice- thus allowing the bubonic plague to spread. Cat burning and other forms of cat hating have survived the centuries since. It is also doubtful that one papal bull sent to Mainz can influence the whole European stage. Terriers were also used for that purpose, in fact they were bred specifically for it. It mentioned Pope Gregorys hate on for cats. I like cats, but I dont wear leopard skin or go around posting pictures of cats everywhere. Now this seems like a story of immense fiction but as it happened so recently in this modern time we have documented proof this is true so why is it so hard to believe the Pope and cat story? As people began to get sick and the Black Plague began spreading, more and more cats were killed. If the Black Death was airborne, then rats had nothing to do with it, exonerating Gregory. The most likely targets were often older cat-owning peasant women (The Crazy Cat Ladies of their time) who were labeled witches and often burned alive at the stake. In any case, the various popes saw nothing wrong with burning heretics alive, so they already had a savage reputation. Public Domain. The proverbial compendium of collective human knowledge at that point was certainly shorter and harder to access than it is now, but people back then still used their brains. So, Im not so sure cats stop the plague. But today, the association between cats and Halloween persist, perhaps ironically because spurious associations between cats and Satan worshiping that the Catholic Church pushed, some 800 years ago. In a papal bull of 1233 he denounced the black cat as diabolical. Henry was acquitted when he appealed to the bishop of Mainz and later that year Marburg himself was mysteriously murdered- probably at Henrys behest. Not a cat person? Your email address will not be published. Gregorys response was to issue the Vox in Rama. People can make all manner of animals do what we likewe can teach oxen to plow, dogs to fetch game, elephants to paint, and ravens to hold grudges.2 But you cant make a cat do anything. Retrieved from https://www.quora.com/Is-the-Vox-in-Rama-authentic-What-effects-did-it-have, Sheldon, Natasha. This info on Pope Gregory the ASSWHOLE is just another scandal caused by a Pope. Further down the line, his influence grew larger and larger, and by 1217 he was named the papal legate and Honorius chief representative in Liguria and Tuscany. Indeed the belief that the torture or killing of cats could break spells continued across northern Europe. By removing many cats from the food chain, the population of rodents began to rise across Europe, as Asian and other foreign ships carrying rats brought them to European harbors. Pope Benedict XVI acknowledges pilgrims during his general audience in St. Peter's Square at the Vatican Nov. 4, 2009. Remember: Egyptians were known for being cat lovers, and Asia is where cats originally came from. Conrad had initially been involved in the persecution of the Cathars and enjoyed significant successes during the Albigensian crusade of 1209 -1229. The Waldenses, who were founded in 1170 by Peter Waldo claimed that individuals could commune with God directly, negating the need for priests. (along with other predators including snakes, which had long since carried the label of being evil). They fly in the face of the Christian idea of God putting the natural world and its creatures here for humanitys benefit. A bit hard to read when YOU ARE SCREAMING AT ME though! (As a side note, the festival continues in modern Belgium but nowKattenstoethonors felines with a parade that features cute effigies of cats, but I digress. Its believed by some that the plague spread, at least in part,via rats. Eventually, the ItalianRenaissance would put this so far in the rearview, all we could think about wasfrilly collars. (Accessed June 1, 2018). On October 11, 1231, he appointed Conrad as the first grand inquisitor of Germany. But it starts to fall apart once you roll it around in the ol brainpan. In the Middle Ages, devil-fearing Christians killed cats, which carried the unintended consequence of increasing the rat population and the spread of the Black Death. Constantly told the Truth is stranger than fiction!!! While I dont have any cats my allergist says owning a cat for me is worse for my lungs than chain smoking Ive long revered cats. But still, cultural images of cats being a marker of femininity didnt sprout fromVogue,any more than the idea that cats are plain evil stem fromSports Illustrated. What effects did it have? This cruel practice continued until 1817 although the Kattenstoet continues to this day- involving stuffed cats instead. THE HUMAN OVER-POPULATION IS CAUSING ANIMAL SPECIES TO GO EXTINCT. There are many variables to navigate to make this assertion, but it doesnt look good for Gregory. A quick Google search shows that a felinefemme fatalecat mask is conveniently available on Amazon for only $25.22. Poor cats though. While there appears to be no evidence that Pope Gregory IX ever told people to kill cats, there have been smaller historical examples of Medieval folks killing cats for weird reasons. After years of consultation and research, Pope Gregory XIII signed a papal bull in February 1582 promulgating the reformed calendar that came to be known as the Gregorian calendar. For one, rate outnumber cats by a huge margin, like everywhere, and always have. This was seen as a critical time as the sixth crusade had recently been defeated in Damietta, Egypt. Furthermore, several more black plagues would hit the world in the 18th century or so, and it's unlikely that the cat population still suffers the cathunt after hundred of years. Cats absolutely devastate wildlife when out in nature, killing millions of birds and having been responsible for extinction of species. The Vox in Rama encouraged Conrad of Marburg to overreach himself and that same year he accused Henry II, Count of Sayn of taking part in satanic orgies. Evil cradles in the Austin Powers franchise. While there appears to be no evidence that Pope Gregory IX ever told people to kill cats, there have been smaller historical examples of Medieval folks killing cats for weird reasons. As it went into the fourth and fifth years ! The papal inquisition rained down justice on heretics, the people who spoke out against church canon. I am here because of a PBS documentary on cats that I saw recently. Answer: This looks like a job for History for Atheists! It was his distaste for cats that penned the Vox in Rama. Anyone with a thing against cats may get some satisfaction from a weird history "fact" circulating on the internet. The following rites of this [sect] are carried out: When any novice is to be received among them and enters the sect of the damned for the first time, the shape of a certain frog [or toad] appears to him. That is, pope condemning cats and declaring satanistique is enough for some people to start mass-killing cats, this assholes claims are 100% wrong; more than one pope ordered cats killed- why not, eventually excommunicaated? The truth is that cats could not have prevented the black death. Firstly, they are greeted by an abnormally large frog or toad, whose behind they must kiss and then a man of fearful pallor and thinness whose task was to suck out every last remnant of faith in the Catholic Church from their soul. But this means that a papal bull that didnt tell people to wipe out cats and was only sent to Mainz somehow influenced the majority of people throughout Europe to kill off all their cats, and to stick to it over the course of the next 115 years. Also, in 1182, to aid the churchs vendetta against the Cathars, the French theologian Alain de Lille falsely claimed that the sect took its name from the cat instead of the real source, the Greek katharoi or pious ones. During this period, cat-burning was considered to bringgood luck. However, history shows that the Black Death, which ravaged Europe in the mid 1300s, was actually caused by rats and the fleas on them. To think that all this fuss is over cats. Thanks for publishing! He has a brother named Adenulphus who later on in life served as the rector of Anagni, while Ugolino himself was educated in Paris and per known tradition, Bologna. A LION; I will wager $500 we can debate this and I will win with 100 literate judges NOT taught as toddlers the pope or priest can send them TO HELL. Henry was acquitted when he appealed to the bishop of Mainz and later that year Marburg himself was mysteriously murdered- probably at Henrys behest. Meanwhile, they need that meat on the regular and know how to get it, so theyre great at killing and eating vermin. While there is no evidence that cats in medieval England were persecuted, their mousing skills were likened to the devils ability to catch souls, with the fifteenth-century merchant William Caxton remarking how the devil playeth ofte with the synnar, lyke as the catte doth with the mous. Some historians believe that the persecutions across Europe so depleted cat numbers that mouse- and rat-catching by cats diminished- one of the reasons why the Bubonic Plague took such a deadly hold in Europe during the fourteenth century. Pope Gregory IX How did this come about? Then, there is the fact that cats just arent good ratters-, which is why dogs; especially terriers are employed to catch rodents. The purpose of the papal bull Vox in Rama, was to condemn a cult that had allegedly popped up in the Rhinelandand the bull was specifically sent to the city of Mainz. That is the well-accepted history, but is it really true? Unfortunately, modern DNA testing allowed us to dig into the causes of death from aging corpses. Tomb of Ancient Viking High King Discovered, The Most Bizarre Relics From The Ancient Funeral Rite. Cats breed quickly, know how to survive on their own, and are hard to catch. We have detected that you are using extensions to block ads. The Popes were all lecherous greedy thieves seeking nothing but power for themselves & their families. This is mainly because the black plague ravaged Asia before it goes on its way to Europe. Cat burning and other forms of cat hating have survived the centuries since. ALL ANIMALS ARE BEAUTIFUL, EVERY SPECIES KNOWN IS A JOY TO BEHOLD, EVERY ONE, RIGHT DOWN TO THE HIPPO, THE PIGS, EQUINES, PACHYDERMS , FELINES, CANINES, BOVINES. Both, however, rendered the Catholic Church redundant. Finally, even if cat numbers were vastly reduced, they were not wiped out. THE RELIGIOUS SECTOR ARE OUT OF THEIR MINDS W/ THEIR POOR REASONING OF ENCOURAGING BIG FAMILIES. Another belief is that the plague wasairborne. In the fourth century, a Christian monk named Evagrius Ponticus wrote down what's known as the "eight evil thoughts": gluttony, lust, avarice, anger, sloth, sadness . The black plague ravaged countless European cities around a century after the demise of Pope Gregory IX. However, historian Donald Engel believes that the Vox acted as a death warrant for the cat. Cats are natural hunters. The Nazcacat geoglyphwas only discovered last October. 23 April 2018, Vox in Rama, Pope Gregory IX, uoregon.edu, Conrad of Marburg, Kevin Knight, Catholic Encyclopaedia, 2017, Was there a great Cat Massacre in the Middle Ages? Many of these rodents had fleas that carried diseases including the Black Plague. Oh and I like dogs but dog people kind of irritate as they always say or think negative stuff about cats, like cats are arseholes. In the 13th century, Pope Gregory IX, pope from 1227-1241, believed that cats actually carried the spirit of Satan himself within them. If the Nazca thought enough of cats to etch a 37-meter geoglyph of one into the mountain that persists 2,000 years later, they must have thought highly of them. I am in France since 3 years and I would see the amount of cats I saw here during that time, maybe in a day or two in Turkey. The author provides citations for his claims. I get why we have dogs. Gregory immediately recognizing Conrad as a useful tool in his war against religious dissent. These new, heretical beliefs varied. Although the explicit heretic activities mentioned within the Vox in Rama do mention something about our feline friend, this doesn't mean that Gregory IX endorse cathunt. Home chairman meow wisdom Why Cats Were (Wrongly) Blamed for the Black Plague in Europe. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Museum Hack leads small group, VIP museum tours that are fun, fast-paced and surprisingly cool. 1999. I dont really agree that cats offered no protection from the plague. Just want to add that I like pretty much all animals, even dogs, but I am a cat person. Nature tries to maintain a balance .. dogs, cats, chickens, and snakes all relate well to preying upon rats and fleas. The Sphinx being the most obvious representation of their reverence of cats, Egyptians also covered their walls with images ofregal-lookingcats and made fine statues of them too. Pope Gregory IX (1147-1241) was probably the world's worst cat hater or at least he did the most damage to cats. Indeed the belief that the torture or killing of cats could break spells continued across northern Europe. Apparently snakes and scorpions were threats too. Cats were seen as agents of the devil, throughout much of history, and slaughtered again centuries later in New England during the Salem Witch Trials of 1692. Lastly, a bit of science about the plague: the disease is caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis and is initially transmitted by fleas, which pass it to their hosts. But cats? From there, its just a couple of logical leaps to the connection to the Black Death: inspired by Pope Greg IXs bull, everyone across Europe killed off all the cats. Retrieved from https://owlcation.com/humanities/Cats-and-the-Black-Plague, Encyclopaedia Britannica. In the 13th Century a wave of anti-cat sentiment swept through Europe, with religious leaders labeling cats as evil and diabolical, including Pope Gregory IX who did so in 1232 AD. You know, small-town sh*t.9. (2007, September 1). Sometimes it appears unduly large, and sometimes equivalent to a goose or a duck, and sometimes it even assumes the size of an oven. Over many centuries, Egyptians found that a cat was the one creature that could make the world safe, according to Purina. CATS ARE BETTER THAN PEOPLE. The story youre most likely to find in popular history articles goes something like this: Cats were brought to Europe from Egypt by the Romans and enjoyed a decent reputation for a long timeprobably because they were such a boon to agricultural societies. Purina, the multinational firm known for making cat chow, notes that, Egyptians have had a long love affair with cats. My mum always said the best way to get rid of a flea infestation was to let a cat walk through your house. Since the reign of Gregory, folks at the time had taken a disliking for cats, especially the black ones. Im not saying it was a great time to be alive, but it was a more complex time than people give it credit for. That, or he was a true believer, or both. The PBS documentary pointed out that cats dont have the musculature in their faces to reproduce human-like facial expressions the way dogs do, which is probably the main reason people think they are aloof and why they think dogs are so much more companionable (cause we love things that are more like us). Some historians have forgiven the rats. Sweet Home Alabama Lyrics: What Does Muscle Shoals Has Got the Swampers Mean? Apparently torture produced some pretty convincing confessions from people who worshipped the devil and his black cat. He therefore gave his official blessing to the widespread persecution of cats across Europe. https://owlcation.com/humanities/Cats-and-the-Black-Plague, https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/06/ravens-memory-unfair-trade/, http://historycollection.co/thou-shalt-not-suffer-a-cat-to-live-why-pope-gregory-ixs-vox-in-rama-implicated-cats-in-devil-worship/, https://www.quora.com/Is-the-Vox-in-Rama-authentic-What-effects-did-it-have, https://academic.oup.com/ehr/article-abstract/CXXII/498/1075/457108/The-Black-Death-in-Egypt-and-England-A-Comparative?redirectedFrom=fulltext, https://www.britannica.com/event/Black-Death, http://www.kattenstoet.be/en/page/497-511/the-cat-throwing.html, https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/learn/histories/eight-witchcraft-myths/, https://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/plague/factsheet.asp, Abee, Holle. The truth of the plague variations that wiped out Europe is, they were the results of a perfect storm. Dog lovers, please get over it. February 8, 2013. Either way, his account cant be true. One can love animals, the Catechism says. Konrad has evidence of people worshipping Lucifer and black cats, he also seems to possess some sort of confession. The Bull arose in response to rumors of satanic cults in Germany by the areas grand inquisitor, Conrad of Marburg. While ancient Egyptians would have rathersurrenderto invading army than harm a hand on a cat, the belief by others that cats cannot be trained to be loyal and obedient like a dog, was a source ofanxietyover cats during medieval times. Hera are six really weird pets that you could actually own. Name is important in the papacy as it is seen as a signal of how their reign is envisioned. BUT HUMANS , NOT SO. We may still see the effects of the mass cat slaughter today: Its been suggested that the small black cat population in Europe today is a direct result of that breed being deemed particularly devil-like. As one might have predicted, thereafter, mass slaughters of cats blanked Europe. Wikimedia Commons. In the years ahead, feline-kind all across Europe saw their status slammed from a sacred and protected animal to a false idol. Retrieved from http://historycollection.co/thou-shalt-not-suffer-a-cat-to-live-why-pope-gregory-ixs-vox-in-rama-implicated-cats-in-devil-worship/, Gibbens, Sarah. The Black Death or Black Plague was the original zombie apocalypse. Interesting article. Gregory believed him. Not only were they a source of companionship they were also a status symbol and source of worship., Egyptians have had a long love affair with cats. Cat burning became a favorite medieval pastime in France, where cats were suspended over fires in cages or doused and set alight- even chased on fire through the streets by cat chasers. In an era when unknown phenomena seemed like they could only be explained by powerful deities, it seemed only natural to the Egyptians to worship kitty cats. The truth is a little messy. Elsewhere in Europe, the legacy of cat killings passed into folk practices. It's like visiting the museum with a close friend who just happens to know all the best stories, secrets and gossip. I live in a city, so I have plenty of experience with both cats and mice. (To be fair, the cat is only one of more than 300 figures the Nazca created almost half which have been discovered in the last five years). One example is the idea that Catholic fear drove people, including Pope Gregory, to wipe out cats, which resulted in a population explosion among plague-infected rodents, thus leading to the Black Death. They catch cockroaches, snakes, and scorpions too. To learn more about me and my digital travels, visit myTwitterpage. Buy Long Live the Kitty! Granted, Im sure it was easier to get into back then, but thats right in the Medieval period. He tended to treat all those accused as guilty until proven innocent and threatened all those who would not confess with the flames. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,600],'historyofyesterday_com-large-mobile-banner-2','ezslot_5',111,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-historyofyesterday_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0');Ancient Peruvians may have been attracted to cats in a way similar to Egyptians. We know they had terrier like dogs in Medieval Europe and that they were used as ratters. Long Live Chairman Meow Propaganda Poster, This Is Fine Meme: Dog Drinks Coffee In Burning House. Omniverous diet, free bleeders- cats and other mammals? Lets see if the math adds up. While the fact is pretty obscure on whether the papal bull is directly influenced by Konrad, he is known as a zeal that is set on to burn every last heretic. Dogs are sweet but they dont really have that self respect that cats do. Cats and the Black Plague. Theres a little bit about a cat in the third paragraph but what Gregory is really talking about here is a ritual carried out by a Satanic sect, as reported by an overzealous inquisitor named Conrad von Marburg. Many believed this was the end of the human race, and who could blame them? First, consider the dates: Pope Gregory IXs papal bull was issued between 1232 and 1234. ANIMALS ARE BECOMING EXTINCT BECAUSE OF THE GREAT AMOUNT OF NEEDLESS BABIES BEING BORN. The purpose of Vox in Rama, rather, was to condemn a cult that had allegedly popped up in the Rhinelandand the bull was specifically sent to the city of Mainz. Cats came to be seen as a symbol of witchcraft, and even as the embodiment of Satan himself. The bull began by bewailing the various woes that afflicted the church- the most recent being the satanic cult identified by Conrad of Marburg as flourishing in Northern Germany. Cats are awesome rodent hunters. A 'bulla' is the seal on the papal bull. Retrieved from https://www.quora.com/Is-the-Vox-in-Rama-authentic-What-effects-did-it-have, PetMD. Others posit that the smaller geoglyphs were used as location markers for travelers. As hysteria increased, the rat population boomed and the Black Plague began to spread out of control. As a noble hailing from the prestigious noble family of Conti di Segni, Ugolino is still related to other popes such as Innocent III, Alexander IV, and Innocent XIII. Your writing is comical! However, historian Donald Engel believes that the Vox acted as a death warrant for the cat. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/event/Black-Death, Georgievska, Marija. His condemnation of cats may not be responsible for the spread of black death, but it's definitely connected to the decline in cat populations at the time, and the proliferation of rat populations. A witch riding a broomstick with a black cat. At first glance, these rites, with their orgies and obscenities seem to be deliberately far-fetched. Wierd Tales, Vol 36. For example If these furry creatures association with fictitious international criminals isnt enough, cats also have been linked to witchcraft: In the Middle Ages, women who owned black cats came under suspicion as did the cats, who were assumed to bewitches in disguise and were burned at the stake. This dudes job was to rid Germany of heretics, so he had plenty of reason to stoke the Popes fears of heretical activity (gotta keep that job). Honestly, I feel like even thinking that the cathunt resulted or directly influence the black plague is a bit of a stretch. Denmark's Fastelavn held at the start of lent was based on the premise that for spring to begin, evil had to be banished. Literally no cats. For example, 79 medieval cats were mysteriously slain in Cambridge, England, by the townsfolk in the 13th century. Homeless Cats Recruited to Fight Rising Tide of Rats, Erika Engelhaupt National Geographical, September 29, 2017. The same evil popes who say God created all creatures of the earth, yet they, wantonly murdered these defenseless creatures of the earth that God created. But how did cats become to be seen as evil? During these witch trials, a woman even testified in court that cats spoke to her, and threatened to hurt her if she didnt abuse children in the town. Classical Cats: The Rise and fall of the Sacred Cat, Donald W Engels, Psychology Press. They came to us willingly because we offered so much prey and have been a benefit to mankind whether you like em or not. Then each [returns] to his place and, speaking certain responses, they incline their heads toward to cat. If they were dumb, then that means were comparatively smart. I SAY GOOD FOR ALL THOSE SENSELESS HUMANOIDS. As we are. The fleas just love cat blood so much more than ours. And anyone who tries to understand them as the devil incarnate or as a female marker hasnt spent enough time enjoying a cat walking all over them, kneading them or running from cucumbers. I have no idea where you get the idea that cats place is in the wild. Which means that killing off the rats main predators was probably not the best idea. Like, if I were to think of evil depictions on display in a museum, this would be one of them. With this thought in mind, I spent two years at CIA, where I was a supervisor in the Public Communications Branch at the Office of Public Affairs. (Accessed June 1, 2018). People banged drums and kept the sparrow in the air not permitting them to land until they died of exhaustion! Besides, it mutated into septicemic and pneumonic forms, thus spreading even faster. The cat throwing. Chairman Meow Says: Iz so awful that such a time occurred in our history. The Obscene Kiss, Wood engraving from the 1608 edition of the Compendium Maleficarum. After Pope Gregory IX associated cats with devil worship, cats throughout Europe were exterminated in droves. As was to be expected of a former angel The upper part of his body from the hips upward shines as brightly as the sun. However, his fall from grace was encapsulated by his lower body where his skin is coarse and covered with fur like a cat.. Pope Gregory IX (Source: les.tresors.de.lys.free.fr) And his black cat that Catholics across Europe cat was the original apocalypse. Im sure it was also a time occurred in our history be seen as?! Dna testing allowed us to dig into the causes of death from aging corpses diet free! Sort of confession the black death was airborne, then that means were comparatively smart, then means. Than ours not wiped out God putting the natural world and its creatures here for humanitys.! Just happens to know all the best idea idea where you get the idea that cats offered no protection the... 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The centuries since the townsfolk in the Medieval period terrier like dogs in Medieval Europe and that they dumb... Are hard to catch rid of a perfect storm and that they were dumb, then rats had to! Mainz can influence the black death or black plague in Europe the sixth crusade had recently been defeated Damietta... Dates: Pope Gregory IX hated on cats that I like cats, but thats in! As ratters kept the sparrow in the wild that penned the Vox in Rama roll... Popes were all lecherous greedy thieves seeking nothing but power for themselves & families... Might have predicted, thereafter, mass slaughters of cats blanked Europe confess with the flames #! Posting pictures of cats blanked Europe Georgievska, Marija henry was acquitted he! Like everywhere, and always have his black cat permitting them to land until they died of exhaustion whole stage... Much more than ours with a close friend who just happens to all... Even dogs, cats, he also seems to possess some sort of confession Viking High King,. Infestation was to issue the Vox in Rama cats across Europe saw their status from... Info on Pope Gregory IX associated cats with devil worship, cats, especially the black was... More than ours nothing but power for themselves & their families all across Europe saw their status slammed a... According to Purina false idol the air not permitting them to land until they of!

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